Indiana keeps its state income tax system relatively simple compared to many other states. Instead of a tiered bracket system, Indiana applies a flat state income tax rate to every resident's taxable wages, regardless of how much they earn. On top of this flat state rate, most Indiana counties also collect their own local income tax, and the rate you pay depends entirely on which county you live and work in, since some counties charge a fraction of a percent while others charge well over two percent. This local layer is one of the biggest reasons two people earning the same salary in different parts of Indiana can end up with noticeably different take-home pay.
Before any state or local tax is applied, your employer first withholds federal income tax based on the information you provided on your Form W-4, which the Internal Revenue Service uses as the standard document for determining how much of your paycheck should be set aside for federal obligations. If you've recently changed jobs, gotten married, or had a child, it's worth revisiting that form, since outdated withholding information is one of the most common reasons people are surprised by their refund or tax bill at filing time.